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The Guardian is a left wing paper, on the other hand the Daily Mail is right wing.

The majority of the press in the UK is right wing due to all of it being controlled by 3 people who are far right wing. 

 TABLOID

 BROADSHEET

The majority of papers are always going to be representing a right-wing point of view

There are two specific reasons to this - who owns it, who reads it.

Ownership:

The Guardian - (Scott Trust) Ole Jacob Sunde / Alex Graham 

The Daily Mail - (DMGT) Johnathan Harmsworth

The Mirror - (Reach PLC)

The Times - (News International) Rupert Murdoch

The Sun - (News International) Lachlan Murdoch

The Telegraph - (News International) Rupert Murdoch

The Metro - (DMGT) Johnathan Harmsworth

Tabloid:

• Gossip, Celebrity News (soft news)
• High Image to copy ratio

Broadsheet:

• Politics, Culture (hard news)
• Information heavy - attractive

Mid Market Tabloid:

This is specifically The Daily mail, The Daily Express, The I and The Metro.

This is basically, the hybrid between hard news as its main story and a joke-like cover. Its right in the middle of 'Tabloid' and 'Broadsheet'.

Ipso

The organization which regulates the majority of the news papers, however, the inquiry says that the organization should be publicly funded rather than funded by the newspapers it regulates. This is a flaw to the company, but having said that, they do have a big scope of around 1500 print titles and 1100 websites that have signed up, the Guardian have not - they are self regulated.

IPSO members include The Telegraph, The Daily Mail, Metro, The Times, The Sun, The Daily Express etc.

Any complaints about these papers may be taken up with IPSO.

Impress

IMPRESS is another regulator which is much much smaller. They are independent from the news industry and therefore not compromised by its funding system. 

The downside of this, is that IMPRESS is very restricted.

Originally, before his death, IMPRESS was owned by Max Owsley, whos Grandad was the leader to the fascist party in the Uk - this is what had lead to some of the issues regarding IMPRESS.

Regulators are reactionary for this reason. They cannot possibly police 100,000s of articles published every day - complaints and issues are raised post-release.

This means that the content still reaches the public.

Issues Regarding Regulation:

Without regulation, you are able to have a monopoly on the News. They would also be able to print damaging lies about people which could destroy lives. They could publish inappropriate content. They could print stories inciting hatred. They could fail to fact check at will. They could also print private and personal information about individuals. 

So, what are some barriers around this as to why they might not be able to regulate effectively?:

1 - There may be too much press to regulate

2 - They would need to constantly re-visit every media post to regulate comments

3 - 

Knowledge Mini-Test

Two mid-market tabloids = Daily Express, Daily Mail

Three titles that Rupert Murdoch owns = The Times, The Sun, The Sunday Times

Political slant of The Telegraph = Conservative (right wing)

Three titles owned by Reach PLC = Daily Mirror, Daily Express, Daily Star

Why does the Scott Trust finance the Guardian? = To keep the independence and reduce any bias

Which paper has more female readers? = The Sun

Daily Express's slogan = We're backing Britain

Daily Mirror's slogan = The heart of Britain

Contexts: The basics of what to know

Economic; i.e. how is something funded, make money and give audiences what they want

Political; i.e. often have political leanings, government may influence newspapers

Cultural; i.e. preference of online news, appealing visuals and celebrities to attract readers

Historical; i.e. importance for informing about politics/world events, traditional prints being replaced.

Social; i.e. highlighting diversity and changes in attitudes, social backgrounds of readers effect what they consume.

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Case study;

The guardian is unconventional having as much image as they did, breaking convention due to the big news day (using 2/3 of the page with a picture of Johnson). Highlighting the focus on Johnson.

The Daily Mail uses 'revolt', 'vindictive' and 'banish' in caps lock suggesting shouting and leading to a moral panic and suggesting that Johnson was the victim if this was the only news you were consuming.

Social media aspect (Guardian);

The Guardian at the top of their twitter feed is how they originated with transatlantic slavery, at the top of their twitter feed so other papers are unable to undermine them. This is to show that they are aware of the issue and are trying to revert it. Their social media is mostly viewed by ABC1 target audiences with good education, degrees and highly social-sided. None of their recent tweets on that day was on Boris Johnson - this was because they had already reported on it. As soon as a story hits the papers, its already a day old and their twitter is to give live updates on stories so they wouldn't have the need to report on it again. On Facebook, with a target audience of ages 30+, the stories are also similar. Twitter is used for the producers to give information to the audience, Facebook is used for the audience to interact with the media and the producers. This then ties into the theory of...

Social media aspect (Daily Mail);

On the twitter page of the Daily Mail, they completely berried the mail of the Boris Johnson news and had also posted media questioning if someone should get another seat for being 'too fat for one'. Their only purpose to share this news is to get clicks.

Website (Guardian);

The left wing nature of the Guardian suggests that certain media may be upheld on the website for longer, an unexpected example of this would be the Boris Johnson case staying as a semi-headline appearing on the top of the website for an unusually longer amount of time as they do side with Johnson. 

Website (Daily Mail);

As to be expected, the headlines on the website of the Daily Mail consisted of Meghan Markle, it's interesting due to its bias and unfairness directed towards only highlighting negative news towards Meghan a lot of the time - perhaps underlining racism due to her black-American ethnicity? 

Some Case Studies;

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

What is Culture?

Culture is what makes you, you. Also what other people thinks makes you, you.

The Daily mail focuses on old British culture.

I.e. Explain how cultural contexts influence the way that newspapers are consumed. Refer to The Guardian and The Daily Mail news brands you have studied to support your answer (10 Marks)